Hello everyone, how are you all? I hope you all are doing well and great but i am not and i am going through tough phase of my life. We were discussing about endoscopy world. Now we are going to see RUT test which is a rapid diagnostic test and how it will done and interpretation and significance and all. First of all what is RUT test means and it is called Rapid Urease Test. AS name implies its rapid diagnostic test. why it is used for? It is used for diagnosing H. pylori bacteria. RUT test is done by using a small kit called RUT test kit.

Principle

Helicobacter pylori which is a gram negative bacteria which is present in biopsy tissue produces urease enzyme and when biopsy is placed in that circular gel medium of RUT kit which contains urea and a pH-sensitive indicator(phenol red) in it, this urease enzyme will break urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide(CO2) and it leads to alkaline pH. This pH causes color change from yellow to pink or red. Phenol red is yellow at acidic pH and turns pink/red in alkaline pH.

RUT test kit

The below image shows RUT test kit with labelled one which is yellow in color is a gel which contains urea and pH sensitive indicator(phenol red) and you can see it was printed open at one end so when we want to test and keep biopsy we should open it and keep the biopsy on that yellow circular jelly and wait for 5- 10 mins. Right side is all about the details of interpretation. So if you get change in color red or pink then its called postive and it tells that H. pylori bacteria is present and clinicans will start treatment for it. If the yellow color remains as yellow then its negative and it tells that no H.pylori bacteria is present.

Why we have to do this test??

Answer for this question is early detection and diagnosing of h.pylori will help the patient in many ways. One we can say that H. pylori bacteria causes ulcer formation in stomach and duodenum and another one is it causes chronic gastritis and ultimatley leads to gastric cancer and MALT lymphoma and these are dangerous things that nobody wants. So if we diagnose the H. pyori earlier itself by this rapid kit test then we can start treatment (eradication therapy) for H.pylroi and we can prevent and further progression to gastritis and cancer.

I hope you understand the urea of this rapid RUT test kit and its significance. Will come up withe newer one.

References

• Bailey & Love's : Short Practice of Surgery (International Student's Edition - 28th)
• UpToDate – H. pylori testing and treatment
• Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 11th edition

Thanks for reading,
With regards,